低溫軋制是將鋼坯加熱到常規加熱溫度以下，然后在常規熱軋溫度以下軋制，更具體地說，是中溫軋制。其主要目的是大幅度降低鋼坯加熱的燃料消耗，減少金屬燃燒損失。舊軋機軋制速度低，軋件在軋制過程中溫降大，因此初軋溫度提高很高，而新連軋機的軋制速度提高，軋制過程中產生的變形熱使軋件溫度基本保持不變甚至升高，為低溫軋制創造了條件。

　   低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制是(shi)指低于常規熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)的(de)(de)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制，低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制不僅可(ke)(ke)以(yi)降低能(neng)(neng)耗，減(jian)少金屬燒損(sun)，而(er)且(qie)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)提(ti)高(gao)產(chan)品質(zhi)量，創造巨大的(de)(de)經濟效益。棒材通常有兩(liang)種低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制規程。一是(shi)利用連(lian)續(xu)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)降或溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)升小的(de)(de)特(te)點，將(jiang)起(qi)始軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)從(cong)1000~1100℃降低到850~950℃。軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)和開始軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)之間幾(ji)乎沒有差異。需要提(ti)高(gao)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)的(de)(de)強(qiang)度(du)，增加電機(ji)功率和軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制能(neng)(neng)耗。但由于加熱(re)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)的(de)(de)降低，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)節(jie)省(sheng)(sheng)燃料，綜合平衡后可(ke)(ke)節(jie)省(sheng)(sheng)約20%的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源。

　   二是利用機組(zu)間(jian)的(de)(de)冷卻(que)段，不(bu)僅降(jiang)低(di)初軋(ya)溫(wen)(wen)度，而(er)且將終(zhong)軋(ya)溫(wen)(wen)度降(jiang)至再結(jie)晶溫(wen)(wen)度(700~800℃)以下，配合40%~50%的(de)(de)變(bian)形，即完成變(bian)形熱處理(li)過程，細化晶粒，組(zu)織均勻，提高鋼材的(de)(de)力學性(xing)能(neng)(neng)和(he)焊接(jie)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)，提高軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)產品的(de)(de)表面質量，其效(xiao)果優于(yu)任何傳統的(de)(de)熱處理(li)方法。因此，現代軋(ya)機經(jing)常擴大(da)(da)機組(zu)之間(jian)的(de)(de)距(ju)離，有些甚至使用大(da)(da)型側規(gui)或添(tian)加中間(jian)冷卻(que)水(shui)箱。低(di)溫(wen)(wen)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工藝(yi)可以控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)晶粒尺寸。實(shi)施低(di)溫(wen)(wen)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)限(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是設備容量不(bu)足，因為軋(ya)機和(he)驅動(dong)主(zhu)電機是按照(zhao)傳統的(de)(de)設計參(can)數設計的(de)(de)。

　   低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)是指(zhi)在(zai)低(di)于常(chang)規熱軋(ya)(ya)(ya)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度的溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度下進行的軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)，在(zai)國外也(ye)稱為中溫(wen)(wen)(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)或溫(wen)(wen)(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)。其(qi)目的是大(da)大(da)減(jian)少坯料(liao)加熱所消耗的燃(ran)料(liao)，減(jian)少金(jin)屬燃(ran)燒損失。據國外報道，普通線材(cai)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)機的生產(chan)能耗約為650kW·H/t，需(xu)要將520kW·H/T能量(liang)加熱到1150℃，而軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)所需(xu)能量(liang)僅為110KW·H/T。瑞典fagersta工(gong)廠的生產(chan)試(shi)驗表明，10.5mm的尖角方鋼是由70mm中碳鋼(ssl650)坯料(liao)經14道次軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)而成。750℃軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)能量(liang)比1150℃軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)能量(liang)低(di)182kw·H/T左(zuo)右，無(wu)咬(yao)邊、表面(mian)缺(que)陷等問題。在(zai)低(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)彈簧鋼、軸承鋼、工(gong)具鋼、不銹鋼等合金(jin)鋼時(shi)，在(zai)800～950y范圍內也(ye)能正常(chang)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)，節能85～130kwh/t。